Hiawatha Asylum Bibliography
Dr. Todd Leahy, Ph.D., “The Canton Asylum: Indians, Psychiatrists, and
Government Policy, 1899-1934.”
Diane T. Putney, “The Canton Asylum for Insane Indians, 1902-1934.”
South Dakota History 14, Spring, 1984
Diane T. Putney, "Fighting The Scourge: American Indian Morbidity
And Federal Policy, 1897-1928", 1980
Scott Riney, “Power and Powerlessness: The People of the Canton
Asylum for Insane Indians.” South Dakota History, v. 27 no 1&2
(Spring/Summer 1997)
Dr. Samuel Silk, Canton Indian Insane Asylum Report of Survey, April
13, 1929, South Dakota State Historical Society
Dr. Samuel Silk, Report on Patient Transfers: Asylum for Insane
Indians, Canton SD, October 3, 1933.
Sane Indians held at Dakota Asylum: Patients Kept Shackled, New
York Times, October 15, 1933.
“Moving the Insane Indians”, Sioux Falls Argus Leader (September
12, 1933) in Silk to William White, September 13, 1933,
Correspondence File, South Dakota State Historical Society
U.S. Congress, Senate, Asylum for Insane Indians. S. Doc 567, 55th
Congress, 2nd Sess., 1898, (ser Set 3620).
Richard F. Pettigrew Papers, Sioux Falls Heritage Museum, Sioux
Falls, South Dakota
Kelli Sweet, “Controversial Care: The Canton Indian Insane Asylum,
1902-1934.”
Pemina Yellow Bird, “Wild Indians - Native Perspectives on the
Hiawatha Asylum for Insane Indians.”
Peter Couchman to Richard Pettigrew, 24 May 1897. Senate
Committee on Indian Affairs, Asylum for Insane Indians, 55th
Congress, 1898, S. Rpt. 567, 2
Testimony of L.M. Hardin
Joseph Murphy, “Report of the Charges Against the
Superintendent,” February 1, 1910. Box 1606, RG 75, National Archives
January 27, 1927, Box 1616, RG 75, National Archives
Berry Signs Asylum Leave for Pen Use, Sioux Valley News (April 1,
1934), 1
Hiawatha Asylum For Insane Indians Was Only Of Its Kind In The
World, 1902-1933, Doon Press, Feb. 19, 1970
World's Only Indian Insane Asylum, Phil LaMar Anderson, Canton
Farm News, March 23, 1923
An Unfit Resting Place, Sioux Falls Argus Leader, Nov. 10, 1991
National Archives, Washington D.C., Department Of Interior Report:
Special Report On Canton Indian Asylum, 1916
Dr. Culp, Physician, Will Take Charge, Sioux Valley News, Oct. 19, 1933
Research Indicates Asylum Wasn't In Indians' Best Interest, Harold
Ironshield, Sioux Falls Argus Leader, March 11, 1998
Forgotten Cemetery To Be Remembered By Canton Indians, Sioux
City Journal, October 7, 1989
Hiawatha Warwhoops, Sioux Valley News, Dec. 21, 1933
Memorial Ceremony Held At Hiawatha Cemetery, Sioux Valley News,
June 5, 1997
Hiawatha Memorial Service Source Of Mixed Emotions, Sioux Valley
News, July 2, 1997
OS Gifford Gets It, Sioux Valley News, Oct. 18, 1901
Ringing Compliment, Sioux Valley News, October 25, 1901
Asylum For Insane Indians, Sioux Valley News, Oct. 4, 1901
Asylum Needs Larger Quarters, Sioux Valley News, Feb. 5, 1925
Asylum On Fire, Sioux Valley News, Aug. 16, 1901
Historians Revive Stories Of Dakota Territory, Sioux Falls Argus
Leader, April 9, 1983
The Only Indian Asylum In The U.S., Orbuck Olson, Sunshine
Magazine, February 1925
Hiawatha Asylum Is The Only One In The World, Sioux Valley News,
October 28, 1926
New Hospital Building At Indian Insane Asylum, Sioux Valley News,
Sept. 19, 1913
Asylum Story Listed As Most Important, Sioux Valley News, Dec. 28,
1933
Insane Indians Are Moved To Washington, Sioux Valley News,
December 21, 1933
A Final Place Of Rest, Sioux Falls Argus Leader, Nov. 10, 1991
Brief Filed In Indian Asylum Action Tuesday, Sioux Valley News, Nov.
23, 1933
Injunction Contends That Indians Are Not Admissible In Washington
Hospital, Sioux Valley News, Sept. 21, 1933
Walkers Honor 121 Indians Who Died At Asylum, Sioux Falls Argus
Leader, June 1, 1997
Transfers At Asylum Here Being Made, Sioux Valley News, January 11,
1934
Ask Senators To Investigate Conditions At Asylum Here, Immediate
Closing Unlikely, Sioux Valley News, Sept. 28, 1933
Brief Filed In Asylum Action, Sioux Valley News, Nov. 2, 1933
National Archives, Washington D.C., Department Of Interior Report:
BIA, Canton Asylum Fiscal Year 1910
National Archives, Washington D.C., Department Of Interior Report:
BIA, Canton Asylum Fiscal Years 1911-1916
National Archives, Washington D.C., Department of Interior Report:
1902-1943, Special Report On Canton Insane Asylum, 1916
Prosperity At Canton, Unidentified News Paper Article, Aug. 9, 1901
Asylum For Insane Indians, Sioux Valley News, Oct. 4, 1901
Collier Visits In South Dakota, Sioux Valley News, Dec. 7, 1933
Two More Indian Patients Are Taken To Washington, Sioux Valley
News, Dec. 28, 1933
Livestock At Indian Asylum Being Moved, Sioux Valley News, Feb. 15,
1934
Collier Postpones Visit, Senators To Be Here, Sioux Valley News, Oct.
5, 1933
Asylum Barn Burned, Sioux Valley News, July 28, 1905
Christopher Estate Sold To United States For Indian Asylum, Sioux
Valley News, Jan. 20, 1927
30,000 Indians Petition To Retain Asylum, Sioux Valley News, Oct. 26,
1933
Canton Asylum Essay, Herbert T. Hoover, 1984
Asylum Memorandum, July 22, 1908, Box 1609 RG75, National Archives
Charges Against The Superintendent, Dr. Joseph A. Murphy, Fe. 1,
1910, Box 1606 RG75, National Archives
Correspondence Relative To The Canton Asylum, Central Classified
Files, 95458-09-150, Canton Asylum, RG75, National Archives
Insanity Among Indians, Harry Hummer, American Journal Of Insanity,
Vol. 69, 1913
Report Of Canton Asylum Matters, Dr. LF Michael, June 12, 1915, Box
1609 RG75, National Archives
Affidavit Of Nellie Kampeska, Box 1614, RG75, National Archives,
Washington D.C.
Harry Hummer, Annual Narrative And Statistical Report For The Fiscal
Year 1917
Harry Hummer, Annual Narrative And Statistical Report For The Fiscal
Year 1918
Dr. William White To CIA, May 23, 1929, Memorandum, 1929-1933,
South Dakota State Historical Society
Grace Fillius And Doretta Koepp To CIA, March 29, 1928, Box 1609,
RG75, National Archives
Grace Fillius And Doretta Koepp To CIA, March 29, 1929, Box 1609,
RG75, National Archives
Severa Tafoya To CIA, Oct. 2, 1933, Box 1617 RG75, National Archives
Memorandum To Sec. Harold Ickes, Aug. 4, 1933, Box 1608 RG75,
National Archives.
St. Elizabeth's Evaluation Of Cletto Tafoya, Box 1608 RG75, National
Archives
Last Indian Sent Home, Canton Farm Leader, Jan. 23, 1934
The History Of Lincoln County, South Dakota, Don Pottratz
Government Policy, 1899-1934.”
Diane T. Putney, “The Canton Asylum for Insane Indians, 1902-1934.”
South Dakota History 14, Spring, 1984
Diane T. Putney, "Fighting The Scourge: American Indian Morbidity
And Federal Policy, 1897-1928", 1980
Scott Riney, “Power and Powerlessness: The People of the Canton
Asylum for Insane Indians.” South Dakota History, v. 27 no 1&2
(Spring/Summer 1997)
Dr. Samuel Silk, Canton Indian Insane Asylum Report of Survey, April
13, 1929, South Dakota State Historical Society
Dr. Samuel Silk, Report on Patient Transfers: Asylum for Insane
Indians, Canton SD, October 3, 1933.
Sane Indians held at Dakota Asylum: Patients Kept Shackled, New
York Times, October 15, 1933.
“Moving the Insane Indians”, Sioux Falls Argus Leader (September
12, 1933) in Silk to William White, September 13, 1933,
Correspondence File, South Dakota State Historical Society
U.S. Congress, Senate, Asylum for Insane Indians. S. Doc 567, 55th
Congress, 2nd Sess., 1898, (ser Set 3620).
Richard F. Pettigrew Papers, Sioux Falls Heritage Museum, Sioux
Falls, South Dakota
Kelli Sweet, “Controversial Care: The Canton Indian Insane Asylum,
1902-1934.”
Pemina Yellow Bird, “Wild Indians - Native Perspectives on the
Hiawatha Asylum for Insane Indians.”
Peter Couchman to Richard Pettigrew, 24 May 1897. Senate
Committee on Indian Affairs, Asylum for Insane Indians, 55th
Congress, 1898, S. Rpt. 567, 2
Testimony of L.M. Hardin
Joseph Murphy, “Report of the Charges Against the
Superintendent,” February 1, 1910. Box 1606, RG 75, National Archives
January 27, 1927, Box 1616, RG 75, National Archives
Berry Signs Asylum Leave for Pen Use, Sioux Valley News (April 1,
1934), 1
Hiawatha Asylum For Insane Indians Was Only Of Its Kind In The
World, 1902-1933, Doon Press, Feb. 19, 1970
World's Only Indian Insane Asylum, Phil LaMar Anderson, Canton
Farm News, March 23, 1923
An Unfit Resting Place, Sioux Falls Argus Leader, Nov. 10, 1991
National Archives, Washington D.C., Department Of Interior Report:
Special Report On Canton Indian Asylum, 1916
Dr. Culp, Physician, Will Take Charge, Sioux Valley News, Oct. 19, 1933
Research Indicates Asylum Wasn't In Indians' Best Interest, Harold
Ironshield, Sioux Falls Argus Leader, March 11, 1998
Forgotten Cemetery To Be Remembered By Canton Indians, Sioux
City Journal, October 7, 1989
Hiawatha Warwhoops, Sioux Valley News, Dec. 21, 1933
Memorial Ceremony Held At Hiawatha Cemetery, Sioux Valley News,
June 5, 1997
Hiawatha Memorial Service Source Of Mixed Emotions, Sioux Valley
News, July 2, 1997
OS Gifford Gets It, Sioux Valley News, Oct. 18, 1901
Ringing Compliment, Sioux Valley News, October 25, 1901
Asylum For Insane Indians, Sioux Valley News, Oct. 4, 1901
Asylum Needs Larger Quarters, Sioux Valley News, Feb. 5, 1925
Asylum On Fire, Sioux Valley News, Aug. 16, 1901
Historians Revive Stories Of Dakota Territory, Sioux Falls Argus
Leader, April 9, 1983
The Only Indian Asylum In The U.S., Orbuck Olson, Sunshine
Magazine, February 1925
Hiawatha Asylum Is The Only One In The World, Sioux Valley News,
October 28, 1926
New Hospital Building At Indian Insane Asylum, Sioux Valley News,
Sept. 19, 1913
Asylum Story Listed As Most Important, Sioux Valley News, Dec. 28,
1933
Insane Indians Are Moved To Washington, Sioux Valley News,
December 21, 1933
A Final Place Of Rest, Sioux Falls Argus Leader, Nov. 10, 1991
Brief Filed In Indian Asylum Action Tuesday, Sioux Valley News, Nov.
23, 1933
Injunction Contends That Indians Are Not Admissible In Washington
Hospital, Sioux Valley News, Sept. 21, 1933
Walkers Honor 121 Indians Who Died At Asylum, Sioux Falls Argus
Leader, June 1, 1997
Transfers At Asylum Here Being Made, Sioux Valley News, January 11,
1934
Ask Senators To Investigate Conditions At Asylum Here, Immediate
Closing Unlikely, Sioux Valley News, Sept. 28, 1933
Brief Filed In Asylum Action, Sioux Valley News, Nov. 2, 1933
National Archives, Washington D.C., Department Of Interior Report:
BIA, Canton Asylum Fiscal Year 1910
National Archives, Washington D.C., Department Of Interior Report:
BIA, Canton Asylum Fiscal Years 1911-1916
National Archives, Washington D.C., Department of Interior Report:
1902-1943, Special Report On Canton Insane Asylum, 1916
Prosperity At Canton, Unidentified News Paper Article, Aug. 9, 1901
Asylum For Insane Indians, Sioux Valley News, Oct. 4, 1901
Collier Visits In South Dakota, Sioux Valley News, Dec. 7, 1933
Two More Indian Patients Are Taken To Washington, Sioux Valley
News, Dec. 28, 1933
Livestock At Indian Asylum Being Moved, Sioux Valley News, Feb. 15,
1934
Collier Postpones Visit, Senators To Be Here, Sioux Valley News, Oct.
5, 1933
Asylum Barn Burned, Sioux Valley News, July 28, 1905
Christopher Estate Sold To United States For Indian Asylum, Sioux
Valley News, Jan. 20, 1927
30,000 Indians Petition To Retain Asylum, Sioux Valley News, Oct. 26,
1933
Canton Asylum Essay, Herbert T. Hoover, 1984
Asylum Memorandum, July 22, 1908, Box 1609 RG75, National Archives
Charges Against The Superintendent, Dr. Joseph A. Murphy, Fe. 1,
1910, Box 1606 RG75, National Archives
Correspondence Relative To The Canton Asylum, Central Classified
Files, 95458-09-150, Canton Asylum, RG75, National Archives
Insanity Among Indians, Harry Hummer, American Journal Of Insanity,
Vol. 69, 1913
Report Of Canton Asylum Matters, Dr. LF Michael, June 12, 1915, Box
1609 RG75, National Archives
Affidavit Of Nellie Kampeska, Box 1614, RG75, National Archives,
Washington D.C.
Harry Hummer, Annual Narrative And Statistical Report For The Fiscal
Year 1917
Harry Hummer, Annual Narrative And Statistical Report For The Fiscal
Year 1918
Dr. William White To CIA, May 23, 1929, Memorandum, 1929-1933,
South Dakota State Historical Society
Grace Fillius And Doretta Koepp To CIA, March 29, 1928, Box 1609,
RG75, National Archives
Grace Fillius And Doretta Koepp To CIA, March 29, 1929, Box 1609,
RG75, National Archives
Severa Tafoya To CIA, Oct. 2, 1933, Box 1617 RG75, National Archives
Memorandum To Sec. Harold Ickes, Aug. 4, 1933, Box 1608 RG75,
National Archives.
St. Elizabeth's Evaluation Of Cletto Tafoya, Box 1608 RG75, National
Archives
Last Indian Sent Home, Canton Farm Leader, Jan. 23, 1934
The History Of Lincoln County, South Dakota, Don Pottratz
This bibliography contains just a few of the sources that can
provide information regarding the asylum. For anyone
looking to write an article or paper these documents are all
good sources of information. Keep checking back because
we will be adding more text resources in the coming months.
provide information regarding the asylum. For anyone
looking to write an article or paper these documents are all
good sources of information. Keep checking back because
we will be adding more text resources in the coming months.
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